The shoulder is a busy area! 20 different muscles along with their tendon attachments, supporting ligaments, nerves, and blood vessels make up the structure we simply call “the shoulder.” Often with shoulder pain, a group of muscles collectively labeled the rotator cuff is blamed as the source of pain. Modern research, however, is informing us that not only is the rotator cuff not as important as we once thought to the function of the shoulder, but that it is often not the reason for symptoms, either.